ENADE Medicina Veterinária Practice Questions - ENADE Medicina Veterinária - Exame Nacional De Desempenho Dos Estudantes Exam

The Principle of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement), requiring researchers to substitute live animals with alternatives where possible, minimize animal numbers to the statistically valid minimum, and refine protocols to minimize pain and distress. The Principle of Absolute Utilitarianism, which permits any degree of animal suffering as long as the proposed scientific discovery has potential economic value for national livestock production. The Principle of Unlimited Animal Usage, which delegates full discretionary power to the principal investigator without needing institutional ethics committee protocol approval. The Principle of Mandatory Animal Replacement, which immediately bans all vertebrate animal use across academic teaching and biological testing in Brazil regardless of scientific feasibility.