ENADE Medicina Veterinária Practice Questions - ENADE Medicina Veterinária - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam - ENADE Medicina Veterinária Practice Questions - ENADE Medicina Veterinária - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam

Question 1

In veterinary bioethics and scientific research involving animals, Brazilian Federal Law nº 11.794/2008 (Lei Arouca) established the National Council for the Control of Animal Experimentation (CONCEA) and mandated Ethics Committees on Animal Use (CEUAs). Which principle forms the cornerstone of ethical animal experimentation evaluation under this framework?

The Principle of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement), requiring researchers to substitute live animals with alternatives where possible, minimize animal numbers to the statistically valid minimum, and refine protocols to minimize pain and distress. The Principle of Absolute Utilitarianism, which permits any degree of animal suffering as long as the proposed scientific discovery has potential economic value for national livestock production. The Principle of Unlimited Animal Usage, which delegates full discretionary power to the principal investigator without needing institutional ethics committee protocol approval. The Principle of Mandatory Animal Replacement, which immediately bans all vertebrate animal use across academic teaching and biological testing in Brazil regardless of scientific feasibility.

Correct Answer:

Question 2

Under Federal Law nº 5.517/1968 and the Code of Veterinary Ethics (Resolução CFMV nº 1138/2016), what is the legal and ethical obligation of a veterinarian serving as a Technical Manager (Responsável Técnico - RT) in a commercial establishment regarding animal welfare and sanitary irregularities?

The RT holds purely symbolic liability and is legally exempt from any civil, administrative, or criminal culpability for sanitary non-conformities occurring inside the commercial facility. The RT must ensure full compliance with sanitary and welfare standards, immediately notify the establishment owner in writing of any non-conformities, and notify the CRMV and official sanitary authorities if corrective actions are not implemented. The RT is bound by strict commercial secrecy to never disclose animal welfare infractions or public health risks to official supervisory bodies under any circumstances. The RT is only required to sign the Technical Responsibility Note (ART) annually, with no obligation to physically visit the establishment or audit operational routines.

Correct Answer:

The RT must ensure full compliance with sanitary and welfare standards, immediately notify the establishment owner in writing of any non-conformities, and notify the CRMV and official sanitary authorities if corrective actions are not implemented.

Question 3

According to CONCEA Normative Guidelines on Euthanasia in Experimental and Teaching Animals, which method is classified as strictly unacceptable for terminating the life of conscious laboratory rodents?

Intravenous or intraperitoneal overdose of sodium pentobarbital accompanied by local anesthetic infiltration where applicable Gradual pre-fill carbon dioxide (CO2) chamber exposure at a displacement rate of 30% to 70% chamber volume per minute Decapitation or cervical dislocation in fully conscious adult animals without prior sedation, scientific justification, and CEUA approval Overdose of inhalant general anesthetics (e.g., isoflurane or sevoflurane) until complete respiratory arrest followed by a secondary physical confirmation method

Correct Answer:

Decapitation or cervical dislocation in fully conscious adult animals without prior sedation, scientific justification, and CEUA approval

Question 4

A veterinarian is asked by a pet owner to prescribe human antibiotics for a dog with mild pruritus without performing a physical examination or diagnostic workup. According to the CFMV Code of Professional Ethics (Resolução CFMV nº 1138/2016), what is the appropriate conduct?

Provide the prescription remotely to maintain client satisfaction, since human broad-spectrum antibiotics carry no veterinary regulatory restrictions. Dispense an oral cephalosporin immediately at triple the standard therapeutic dosage to ensure rapid empirical symptom suppression. Refer the client to a pet store clerk to select over-the-counter antimicrobial additives without requiring clinical diagnosis. Refuse the prescription, as prescribing medication without direct clinical examination and diagnostic justification constitutes an ethical infraction, and promote responsible antimicrobial stewardship.

Correct Answer:

Refuse the prescription, as prescribing medication without direct clinical examination and diagnostic justification constitutes an ethical infraction, and promote responsible antimicrobial stewardship.

Question 5

Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry Systems (ILPF / iLPF) have gained national prominence in Brazilian sustainable agriculture. From the perspectives of veterinary bioclimatology, animal welfare, and greenhouse gas mitigation, what is the primary physiological benefit of tree shade integration for grazing beef cattle?

The microclimate reduces radiant heat load and the Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index (BGHI / ITGU), decreasing respiratory rate, panting, and maintenance energy expenditure. Tree integration completely eliminates all ruminal methane emissions while allowing stocking rates exceeding 20 Animal Units per hectare without forage supplementation. Direct shade causes immediate suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis and inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis, inducing artificial hypometabolic hibernation. Shading permanently prevents gastrointestinal nematode infective larvae from surviving in tropical pasture canopies.

Correct Answer:

The microclimate reduces radiant heat load and the Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index (BGHI / ITGU), decreasing respiratory rate, panting, and maintenance energy expenditure.

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ENADE Medicina Veterinária Practice Questions - ENADE Medicina Veterinária - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam

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