Basque PAU Philosophy Practice Questions - Basque Country PAU History Of Philosophy Examination - UPV EHU (2o Bachillerato 2026) Exam

Parmenides rejected logical reasoning in favor of mystical experience, whereas Heraclitus established formal syllogistic logic. Parmenides argued that reality is created by sensory perception, whereas Heraclitus argued that reality exists only in human language. Parmenides maintained that true Being is ungenerated, immutable, and continuous, whereas Heraclitus posited that reality is defined by constant change (*panta rhei*) governed by Logos. Parmenides identified fire as the ultimate substance, whereas Heraclitus held that true reality consists of immaterial mathematical forms.