Basque PAU Philosophy Practice Questions - Basque Country PAU History of Philosophy Examination - UPV EHU (2o Bachillerato 2026) Exam - Basque PAU Philosophy Practice Questions - Basque Country PAU History of Philosophy Examination

Question 1

Which Presocratic philosopher identified water (*hydor*) as the fundamental first principle (*arkhé*) of all natural reality, initiating the philosophical transition from mythological narrative to rational explanation (*logos*)?

Parmenides of Elea Anaximander of Miletus Thales of Miletus Heraclitus of Ephesus

Correct Answer:

Thales of Miletus

Question 2

How does Parmenides' philosophical stance regarding reality and change contrast fundamentally with the cosmology of Heraclitus?

Parmenides rejected logical reasoning in favor of mystical experience, whereas Heraclitus established formal syllogistic logic. Parmenides argued that reality is created by sensory perception, whereas Heraclitus argued that reality exists only in human language. Parmenides maintained that true Being is ungenerated, immutable, and continuous, whereas Heraclitus posited that reality is defined by constant change (*panta rhei*) governed by Logos. Parmenides identified fire as the ultimate substance, whereas Heraclitus held that true reality consists of immaterial mathematical forms.

Correct Answer:

Parmenides maintained that true Being is ungenerated, immutable, and continuous, whereas Heraclitus posited that reality is defined by constant change (*panta rhei*) governed by Logos.

Question 3

Which central doctrine of the Pythagorean school exerted a profound influence on Plato's dualistic view of the soul and the structure of reality?

The theory that physical atoms collide randomly in empty space without divine purpose. The claim that human laws (*nomos*) are purely subjective conventions with no grounding in nature (*physis*). The belief that number (*arithmos*) is the essence of cosmic order and that the soul undergoes transmigration (*metempsychosis*). The assertion that knowledge is unattainable and that all judgments must be permanently suspended.

Correct Answer:

The belief that number (*arithmos*) is the essence of cosmic order and that the soul undergoes transmigration (*metempsychosis*).

Question 4

In the atomist philosophy of Democritus and Leucippus, how is physical change explained without appealing to divine purpose or teleology?

Through the gradual illumination of the human mind by divine reason. Through the cyclical transformation of water into air, fire, and earth. Through the dialectical struggle between immaterial forms and physical shadows. Through the mechanical collisions, entanglements, and separations of indivisible particles (*atoms*) moving in empty space (*void*).

Correct Answer:

Through the mechanical collisions, entanglements, and separations of indivisible particles (*atoms*) moving in empty space (*void*).

Question 5

What philosophical position is expressed in Protagoras' famous dictum: 'Man is the measure of all things: of things that are, that they are, and of things that are not, that they are not'?

Absolute metaphysical realism. Theological dogmatism. Rationalist dualism. Epistemological and ethical relativism.

Correct Answer:

Epistemological and ethical relativism.

Question 1

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Prepare with the Basque PAU Philosophy Practice Questions - Basque Country PAU History of Philosophy Examination - UPV EHU (2o Bachillerato 2026) Exam practice quiz. This question bank includes 100 questions covering plato, human, aristotle, philosophy, and principle. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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Basque PAU Philosophy Practice Questions - Basque Country PAU History of Philosophy Examination - UPV EHU (2o Bachillerato 2026) Exam

This practice set contains 100 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on plato, human, aristotle, philosophy, and principle. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

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Basque PAU Philosophy Practice Questions - Basque Country PAU History of Philosophy Examination - UPV EHU (2o Bachillerato 2026) Exam

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