Concurso Nacional Unificado (CNU) Practice Questions - Concurso Público Nacional Unificado (CPNU CNU - 'Enem Dos Concursos', Brazil) Exam

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How did Charles Lindblom describe the 'Incremental Model' (Modelo Incremental / 'The Science of Muddling Through') of public decision-making compared to the rational-comprehensive ideal?

Decision-makers consider only marginal deviations from existing policies through successive limited comparisons, negotiating compromises among relevant stakeholders Decision-makers comprehensively evaluate all possible alternatives and calculate absolute mathematical utilities prior to choosing the optimal policy Decisions are dictated entirely by algorithmic artificial intelligence without human political negotiation Policies are drafted exclusively from a blank slate ('zero-base') every budget cycle to eliminate historical path dependency

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Decision-makers consider only marginal deviations from existing policies through successive limited comparisons, negotiating compromises among relevant stakeholders

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