Pediatrics Board Practice Questions - Saudi Board Pediatrics Final Written Exam

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A full-term male infant born via elective Cesarean section without labor presents with tachypnea (RR 82 bpm) and mild intercostal retractions at 1 hour of life. Chest radiograph shows prominent perihilar vascular markings and fluid lines in the interlobar fissures. What is the primary pathophysiologic mechanism of this condition?

Delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid via lymphatic and pulmonary circulation Deficiency of alveolar surfactant leading to microatelectasis Meconium obstruction of small airways leading to air trapping Bacterial colonization of the lower respiratory tract

Correct Answer:

Delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid via lymphatic and pulmonary circulation

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