CACD Diplomata Practice Questions - CACD - Concurso De Admissão à Carreira De Diplomata (Instituto Rio Branco MRE) Exam

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The Treaty of Madrid (1750), negotiated by Brazilian-born diplomat Alexandre de Gusmão on behalf of the Portuguese Crown, established a revolutionary legal doctrine for boundary delimitation in South America. Which principle served as the primary foundation for establishing borders under this treaty?

The strict meridian demarcations previously agreed upon in the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) and the Treaty of Utrecht (1713). The Roman law doctrine of *uti possidetis, ita possideatis* (effective possession and actual occupation of territories) combined with natural geographical landmarks. The proportional distribution of territory based strictly on demographic density and indigenous missionary settlements. The complete cession of the Amazon basin to Spain in exchange for exclusive Portuguese navigation rights along the Rio de la Plata estuary.

Correct Answer:

The Roman law doctrine of *uti possidetis, ita possideatis* (effective possession and actual occupation of territories) combined with natural geographical landmarks.

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