CACD Diplomata Practice Questions - CACD - Concurso de Admissão à Carreira de Diplomata (Instituto Rio Branco MRE) Exam - CACD Diplomata Practice Questions - CACD - Concurso de Admissão à Carreira de Diplomata (Instituto Rio Branco MRE) Exam

Question 1

The Treaty of Madrid (1750), negotiated by Brazilian-born diplomat Alexandre de Gusmão on behalf of the Portuguese Crown, established a revolutionary legal doctrine for boundary delimitation in South America. Which principle served as the primary foundation for establishing borders under this treaty?

The strict meridian demarcations previously agreed upon in the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) and the Treaty of Utrecht (1713). The Roman law doctrine of *uti possidetis, ita possideatis* (effective possession and actual occupation of territories) combined with natural geographical landmarks. The proportional distribution of territory based strictly on demographic density and indigenous missionary settlements. The complete cession of the Amazon basin to Spain in exchange for exclusive Portuguese navigation rights along the Rio de la Plata estuary.

Correct Answer:

The Roman law doctrine of *uti possidetis, ita possideatis* (effective possession and actual occupation of territories) combined with natural geographical landmarks.

Question 2

During the reign of King José I, the Marquis of Pombal enacted wide-ranging administrative, fiscal, and geopolitical reforms across the Portuguese Empire. Which major administrative reform directly transformed the colonial governance of Brazil in 1763?

The immediate granting of political autonomy and legislative assemblies to the captaincies-general. The establishment of the First Reign and the promulgation of the Constitution of the Empire. The relocation of the colonial capital from Salvador da Bahia to Rio de Janeiro to better oversee the mining economy and southern border conflicts. The total prohibition of Portuguese commercial monopolies and the opening of Brazilian ports to British merchant vessels.

Correct Answer:

The relocation of the colonial capital from Salvador da Bahia to Rio de Janeiro to better oversee the mining economy and southern border conflicts.

Question 3

In the late 18th century, colonial Brazil witnessed two distinct emancipation movements: the Inconfidência Mineira (1789) and the Conjuração Baiana (1798, also known as Revolta dos Alfaiates). What fundamental socio-political difference distinguished the Conjuração Baiana from the Inconfidência Mineira?

The Conjuração Baiana sought to preserve monarchical ties with Lisbon while the Inconfidência Mineira demanded an absolute constitutional monarchy. The Inconfidência Mineira was led by enslaved field workers, whereas the Conjuração Baiana was exclusively organized by wealthy sugar plantation oligarchs. The Inconfidência Mineira advocated immediate agrarian reform and universal suffrage, whereas the Conjuração Baiana rejected French revolutionary ideals. The Conjuração Baiana had a broad popular and racial base demanding the immediate abolition of slavery and racial equality, whereas the Inconfidência Mineira was an elite-led movement that failed to achieve consensus on ending slavery.

Correct Answer:

The Conjuração Baiana had a broad popular and racial base demanding the immediate abolition of slavery and racial equality, whereas the Inconfidência Mineira was an elite-led movement that failed to achieve consensus on ending slavery.

Question 4

Following the transfer of the Portuguese Court to Brazil in 1808 under British naval escort, Prince Regent D. João enacted the landmark decree of the Opening of the Ports to Friendly Nations (*Abertura dos Portos às Nações Amigas*). What was the immediate structural consequence of this decree and the subsequent 1810 Treaties?

The definitive termination of the colonial commercial monopoly (*pacto colonial*) and the granting of preferential 15% customs tariffs to British manufactured goods under the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation of 1810. The total exclusion of British merchandise from Brazilian ports in favor of direct bilateral trade treaties with Napoleonic France. The immediate abolition of all import duties for goods originating from the United States and Hispanic American republics. The establishment of a protective industrial tariff wall designed to foster domestic Brazilian manufacturing in the captaincies.

Correct Answer:

Question 5

Following the declaration of Brazilian Independence on September 7, 1822, international diplomatic recognition required complex bilateral negotiations orchestrated by José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva and Brazilian envoys in Europe. How was official Portuguese recognition of Brazilian independence formally secured in 1825?

Through unilateral military capitulation of Portuguese garrison forces following the siege of Lisbon by the Brazilian imperial navy. Through British mediation resulting in the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825), in which Brazil paid a financial indemnity of £2 million sterling to Portugal and assumed Portugal's debt to Britain. Through an unconditioned recognition decree issued by the Holy Alliance in exchange for Brazil's immediate accession to the anti-liberal coalition. Through the immediate annexation of the Cisplatina province by Portugal in exchange for recognizing Emperor D. Pedro I.

Correct Answer:

Through British mediation resulting in the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825), in which Brazil paid a financial indemnity of £2 million sterling to Portugal and assumed Portugal's debt to Britain.

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CACD Diplomata Practice Questions - CACD - Concurso de Admissão à Carreira de Diplomata (Instituto Rio Branco MRE) Exam

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