CITI SOCIAL BEHAVIORAL
RESEARCH PRACTICE
EXAM 50 QUESTIONS
Question 1: Which set lists the three ethical principles identi�ed in the Belmont Report?
Choices:
1) Respect for persons, bene�cence, and justice 2) Autonomy, privacy, and compensation 3) Con�dentiality, minimal risk, and assent 4) Scienti�c validity, peer review, and transparency
Correct Answer: Respect for persons, bene�cence, and justice
Explanation: The Belmont Report identi�es respect for persons, bene�cence, and justice as the three basic ethical principles for research involving human subjects.Page 1
Question 2: A researcher redesigns a stressful interview so that only questions
necessary to answer the scienti�c question are asked. Which Belmont principle is most directly applied?
Choices:
1) Justice 2) Bene�cence 3) Respect for persons 4) Institutional accountability
Correct Answer: Bene�cence
Explanation: Bene�cence requires researchers to maximize possible bene�ts and minimize possible harms. Removing unnecessary stressful procedures reduces risk while preserving the study's value.
Question 3: A high-burden study recruits only residents of a low-income
neighborhood because they are easy to access, even though the research is intended to bene�t the general population. Which ethical concern is strongest?
Choices:
1) A failure of justice in subject selection 2) A failure to document consent 3) A breach of con�dentiality 4) A failure to obtain a Certi�cate of Con�dentiality
Correct Answer: A failure of justice in subject selection
Explanation: Justice requires a fair distribution of the burdens and bene�ts of research.Selecting a disadvantaged group primarily for convenience can unfairly concentrate research burdens.Page 2
Question 4: Under the Belmont principle of respect for persons, individuals with diminished autonomy should generally be treated how?
Choices:
1) They should always be excluded from research 2) They should be enrolled only in studies o�ering direct bene�t 3) They should receive additional protections appropriate to their vulnerability 4) They should be allowed to participate without consent requirements Correct Answer: They should receive additional protections appropriate to their vulnerability Explanation: Respect for persons recognizes autonomy while requiring added protection for people whose autonomy is diminished. It does not require automatic exclusion from research.
Question 5: Which ethical requirement is most strongly associated with the
Nuremberg Code?
Choices:
1) Mandatory payment of all research subjects 2) Voluntary consent of the human subject 3) Use of placebo controls whenever possible 4) Annual continuing review of every study
Correct Answer: Voluntary consent of the human subject
Explanation: The Nuremberg Code emphasized that the voluntary consent of the human subject is essential, helping establish a foundational expectation for ethical human research.Page 3