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Question 1
Which are the five components of language commonly referenced in language disorders?
Correct Answer:
Pragmatics, Semantics, Syntax, Morphology, Phonology
Explanation:
Five language domains commonly referenced in language disorders are phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Phonology deals with the sound system and rules for combining sounds. Morphology looks at the smallest meaningful units of language and how words are formed. Syntax governs how words are arranged into sentences. Semantics is about meaning and how words and sentences convey ideas. Pragmatics involves language use in context—the social rules, intentions, and practical aspects of communication. The option that includes exactly these five domains—Pragmatics, Semantics, Syntax, Morphology, Phonology—fits best, since it lists the standard five areas in a different order. Other options mix in elements not typically counted as the five core language domains. Phonetics is about producing and perceiving speech sounds rather than the linguistic system itself. Lexicon refers to vocabulary knowledge and isn’t usually treated as a separate core domain. Prosody concerns rhythm and intonation, often considered part of phonology or pragmatic use rather than a standalone domain. Orthography deals with spelling, which relates to writing rather than the spoken language structure.
Question 2
Which muscles are the vocal fold adductors in Adductor SD?
Correct Answer:
Lateral Cricoarytenoid, Interarytenoid, Thyroarytenoid
Explanation:
In Adductor SD, the voice becomes strained because the vocal folds are pulled together by the adductor muscles. The muscles that actually close the glottis are the lateral cricoarytenoid, the interarytenoid, and the thyroarytenoid (including the vocalis portion). Lateral cricoarytenoid rotates the arytenoids toward the midline, bringing the vocal processes together. Interarytenoid fibers run between the arytenoids to help seal the posterior glottis. Thyroarytenoid lies within the vocal folds and shortens/thickens them, aiding edge-to-edge contact. Together, these muscles produce the adduction characteristic of Adductor SD. The posterior cricoarytenoid is the main abducter, pulling the vocal folds apart, so it’s not responsible for the excessive closing seen in this condition. The cricothyroid mainly lengthens and tenses the vocal folds to adjust pitch, not to close the glottis. A muscle term sometimes encountered as superior thyroarytenoid isn’t typically treated as a separate primary adductor in standard descriptions; the key adductors are the lateral cricoarytenoid, interarytenoid, and thyroarytenoid.
Question 3
Which two muscles are primarily responsible for tongue base retraction?
Correct Answer:
Styloglossus and Hyoglossus
Explanation:
Tongue base retraction is about pulling the back part of the tongue toward the back of the mouth. The muscles that accomplish this most effectively are the styloglossus and the hyoglossus. The styloglossus runs from the styloid process to the sides of the tongue and, when it contracts, pulls the tongue back and upward, helping to retract the base. The hyoglossus comes from the hyoid bone to the sides of the tongue and, when it contracts, depresses and pulls the tongue back as well. In contrast, the genioglossus mainly protrudes the tongue, not retracts the base, while the palatoglossus elevates the posterior tongue and helps seal the oral cavity rather than actively retracting the base. So the combination that best explains tongue base retraction is styloglossus and hyoglossus.
Question 4
Which statement about FEES is true?
Correct Answer:
FEES can be as sensitive as videofluoroscopy for detecting aspiration.
Explanation:
FEES uses a flexible endoscope to directly visualize the larynx and pharynx during swallowing, not fluoroscopy. This direct view lets clinicians see whether material enters the airway, which makes FEES highly capable of detecting airway invasion. With careful technique and evaluation across different textures and volumes, its sensitivity for identifying aspiration can be comparable to videofluoroscopy. FEES also has the advantage of revealing silent aspiration, since there’s no need for a patient to cough for airway invasion to be observed. However, it doesn’t visualize the esophageal phase as well as videofluoroscopy, which is a limitation. So the statement that FEES can be as sensitive as videofluoroscopy for detecting aspiration is the best fit.
Question 5
A thin liquid is consumed and sits above the vocal folds but does not clear. How is this classified?
Correct Answer:
Penetration
Explanation:
Understanding swallow safety terminology: the key distinction is where the material goes relative to the vocal folds. If liquid enters the laryngeal vestibule but stays above the vocal folds, it’s called penetration. If it goes below the vocal folds into the trachea, that’s aspiration. In this case, the thin liquid sits above the vocal folds and does not clear, so this is penetration. Supraglottic swallowing is a technique used to protect the airway, not a classification of a swallow event, so it doesn’t apply here. None of the above isn’t correct because penetration accurately describes the situation.
Question 1
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Prepare with the SG CSD Prequalifying Exam Practice practice quiz. This question bank includes 10 questions covering vocal, describes, level, language, and muscles. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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SG CSD Prequalifying Exam Practice

This practice set contains 10 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on vocal, describes, level, language, and muscles. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

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