The concept being tested is which GDPR requirement is treated as a distinct obligation for an investment intermediary versus a broader processing principle. In GDPR, keeping data accurate, collecting only for specified purposes, and communicating information in clear, plain language are framed as explicit duties that guide processing. The idea of processing personal data fairly is a fundamental principle—part of lawful, fair, and transparent processing—rather than a separate, enumerated obligation. In this context, the fairness principle underpins all processing, while the other items describe concrete obligations. So, the statement about processing personal data fairly isn’t counted as one of the main enumerated obligations, making it the best choice.

The key idea is fitness and probity for roles with significant influence over a firm’s activities. A manager of personal financial advisers has substantial control over how advice is given, the quality and conduct of advisers, and the overall direction of the advice business. That level of influence and responsibility places the role in a controlled function, which are positions that regulators scrutinize closely to ensure sound governance and client protection. This isn’t about political exposure, so the Politically Exposed Person label isn’t appropriate here. It isn’t necessarily a Pre-Approval Controlled Function, unless the regulator has explicitly designated that specific function for pre-approval. And while a Compliance Function exists, the scenario describes a senior management role with direct influence over the advisory business rather than a standalone compliance oversight function. Therefore, the best fit is a controlled function.

The main idea is that there is a dedicated EU regulator for insurance and occupational pensions: the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority, or EIOPA. It coordinates cross‑border supervision, develops common rules and technical standards, and issues guidelines to ensure consistent application of EU insurance and pension rules across member states. This helps protect policyholders and beneficiaries and strengthens the stability of the sector, working with national regulators under the umbrella of the European System of Financial Supervision. The other bodies have different scopes. The European Securities and Markets Authority focuses on securities and markets. The European Central Bank is the monetary authority that also oversees significant banks. The European Commission sets EU policy and proposes legislation, but it’s not the direct regulatory body for insurance and pensions across the EU.

The key idea is what the Deposit Guarantee Scheme covers and up to what limit. In Ireland, the scheme protects deposits up to €100,000 for each depositor per credit institution. A deposit tracker bond is treated as a deposit with the bank rather than a general investment, so it falls under the scheme’s protection. Since €80,000 is within the €100,000 limit, the entire amount is covered. If the amount had exceeded €100,000, only up to the limit would be protected, and any portion above that would not be guaranteed. So, the full €80,000 is covered by the Deposit Guarantee Scheme.