A full bladder displaces the uterus, making the fundal assessment inaccurate. When the bladder is distended, the uterus is pushed upward and often to the side, so its height and position aren’t in their true midline location. Emptying the bladder allows the uterus to settle midline and be palpated at the expected level, giving an accurate read of involution and fundal firmness. This helps ensure you detect normal descent and any signs of uterine atony or hemorrhage.

In postpartum hemorrhage, reducing bleeding by inhibiting fibrinolysis is achieved with tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic. It works by blocking the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, which slows the breakdown of fibrin clots and helps stabilize the clots that have formed. Giving tranexamic acid early can lessen blood loss and reduce death from hemorrhage when used alongside uterotonics and other standard measures. The usual approach is an IV administration (often a 1 g bolus, with a second gram if bleeding continues, per protocol). The other medications listed don’t have this effect: warfarin is an anticoagulant that would worsen bleeding; ketorolac is an NSAID that can impair platelet function and increase bleeding risk; lidocaine is a local anesthetic and does not affect fibrinolysis.

In the taking-in phase after birth, the mother is primarily focused on her own recovery and on processing the birth experience. This period usually lasts about the first 24 hours. She often seeks rest, reassurance, and time to reflect on the labor and delivery, relying on others to help with basic needs. That’s why describing this stage as the mother wanting to rest and reflect on the birthing experience is the best fit. It captures the dependent, reflective mood typical of early postpartum, before she moves into taking-hold, where she begins to engage more actively with infant care, and long before she would master infant care weeks later.

Continuing to breastfeed during mastitis is a key part of effective management. When milk is regularly removed from the breast, it helps clear the ductal congestion and reduces milk stasis, which often drives infection and painful swelling. Stopping breastfeeding would leave milk in the ducts, increasing engorgement and prolonging symptoms. So the idea of stopping breastfeeding until the problem resolves reflects a misunderstanding and needs teaching. In practice, you’d encourage-feeding on the affected side more frequently, ensure a good latch, and use supportive measures. Analgesics can help with pain, and antibiotics are used if a bacterial infection is suspected, with improvement expected over several days rather than guaranteeing relief within 24–48 hours. Warm compress before feeds and cool compresses after, plus staying hydrated, can also be helpful. If fever persists, redness spreads, or symptoms don’t improve in a couple of days, follow up with a clinician.