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Question 1
In a neonate with a ductal-dependent lesion, which medication is used to maintain ductus arteriosus patency?
Correct Answer:
Prostaglandin E1
Explanation:
Maintaining ductus arteriosus patency in a neonate with a ductal-dependent lesion requires a medication that keeps the ductus open by relaxing its smooth muscle. Prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) does this effectively, preserving the flow through the ductus to support circulation until a surgical or other definitive solution is available. Indomethacin, on the other hand, inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and promotes closure of the ductus, which would worsen patency in these cases. Oxygen tends to promote ductal closure by increasing oxygen tension and reducing prostaglandin levels. Morphine does not influence ductus patency in this context.
Question 2
Calcium gluconate is used in hyperkalemia to achieve which therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer:
Stabilize cardiac membranes
Explanation:
Calcium gluconate works by stabilizing the heart’s electrical membranes when potassium is high. It raises the threshold for depolarization, making cardiac cells less excitable, which helps prevent dangerous arrhythmias that hyperkalemia can trigger. It does not lower the potassium level itself; other treatments are needed to shift potassium into cells or remove it from the body. The effect is rapid but temporary, buying time to implement measures like insulin with glucose, beta-agonists, bicarbonate, or dialysis as appropriate.
Question 3
In addition to cardiovascular collapse, beta blocker overdose may cause which metabolic abnormality?
Correct Answer:
Hypoglycemia
Explanation:
In beta-blocker overdose, glucose management can be impaired because these drugs blunt the body's counterregulatory response to low blood sugar. Blocking beta-2 receptors in the liver reduces glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, so hepatic glucose production falls. In an overdose, this can lead to hypoglycemia, especially in patients who are fasting, malnourished, or taking insulin or other glucose-lowering meds. The other findings are not metabolic problems: shortened PR interval and widened QRS are ECG conduction changes, not metabolic disturbances, and hyponatremia is an electrolyte issue not typically caused by beta-blocker overdose. Therefore, the metabolic abnormality to watch for is hypoglycemia.
Question 4
In blast injuries, which mechanism causes the body to be hurled by the blast wind and strike other objects or people?
Correct Answer:
Secondary
Explanation:
The scenario described is a tertiary blast injury. In a blast, the initial overpressure (primary) can injure air-filled organs; flying fragments from the explosion cause secondary injuries. The body being forced by the blast wind and striking other objects or people represents the tertiary mechanism, where the force of the blast physically displaces the person. Quaternary injuries cover other effects like burns, inhalation injuries, or exacerbation of underlying conditions. So, being hurled by the blast wind and impacting surroundings is tertiary, not secondary.
Question 5
Which medication should be used to maintain ductus arteriosus patency in a neonate with ductal-dependent cyanotic heart disease?
Correct Answer:
Prostaglandin E1
Explanation:
Maintaining ductus arteriosus patency is crucial when a newborn’s heart condition depends on the ductus for ensuring adequate blood flow to the lungs or body. Prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) keeps the ductus open by relaxing smooth muscle in the ductus arteriosus, preventing its premature closure and preserving circulation until definitive repair or palliation can be performed. This makes it the appropriate choice to support a ductal-dependent cyanotic defect. Indomethacin (and similar NSAIDs) actually promote ductal closure, which would worsen the condition. Surfactant addresses respiratory distress and isn’t used to affect the ductus. Nitric oxide helps lower pulmonary vascular resistance but does not maintain ductal patency.
Question 1
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About this Exam

Prepare with the IA MED Certified Flight Registered Nurse (CFRN) Practice Test practice quiz. This question bank includes 10 questions covering neonate, ductal-dependent, medication, maintain, and ductus. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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IA MED Certified Flight Registered Nurse (CFRN) Practice Test

This practice set contains 10 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on neonate, ductal-dependent, medication, maintain, and ductus. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

This is an independent study resource intended for practice and review; it is not an official examination or an endorsement by any organization named in the title.

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