Nephro- is a combining form that means kidney. In medical terminology, this prefix links to roots to name parts or conditions of the kidney, so you see it in words like nephrology (the study of kidneys), nephron (the kidney’s functional unit), nephritis (inflammation of the kidney), and nephrectomy (removal of a kidney). The other options use different prefixes: hepat- for liver, cardio- for heart, and pulmo- or pneumon- for lungs. Since nephro- specifically points to the kidney, the body part described is the kidney.

Add decimals by lining up the decimal points and padding with zeros so each number has the same number of digits after the decimal. Here, write 0.4 as 0.40 to have two decimals. Then add 0.40 and 0.75 from right to left: hundredths place = 0 + 5 = 5; tenths place = 4 + 7 = 11. Since 11 tenths is 1 full unit plus 1 tenth, carry 1 to the ones place. The ones place becomes 1, the tenths place is 1, and the hundredths place is 5, giving 1.15. The sum is 1.15.

Maintaining hip abduction after a hip hemiarthroplasty is essential to prevent dislocation. The artificial joint is most at risk when the leg adducts or rotates inward, so keeping the legs separated helps preserve neutral alignment of the prosthesis. Placing a pillow between the knees (or legs) helps maintain this abduction and prevents crossing the legs or bringing the knees together, which could push the femoral component out of place. While other precautions like avoiding rolling onto the operative side are important, the pillow between the legs directly supports the position that minimizes dislocation risk in the immediate postoperative period.

Leading Health Indicators focus on actions and outcomes that produce broad, population-level health improvements, often through policies, environments, and systems. Implementing a no smoking policy creates an environmental change that reduces tobacco exposure for the whole community and supports lower smoking rates over time, making it a meaningful, measurable health outcome in Healthy People 2020. Starting a fitness program is valuable but represents a program initiation rather than a sustained population-level outcome. Creating a smoking lounge could undermine health goals by normalizing smoking and increasing exposure, not a desirable health outcome. Increasing apple consumption reflects a dietary choice at the individual level and doesn’t demonstrate a policy- or environment-driven population impact. Therefore, a no smoking policy best aligns with significant LHIs because it yields a durable change in the environment that can reduce tobacco-related illness across the community.