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Question 1
What is encompassed by the term "archival description"?
Correct Answer:
The process of documenting and explaining the context, content, and structure of archival materials
Explanation:
Archival description refers specifically to the comprehensive process of documenting and explaining the context, content, and structure of archival materials. This involves creating detailed finding aids, catalogs, and other tools that provide users with essential information about the records, including how they relate to each other and their significance within a larger context. Effective archival description is crucial for facilitating access to historical documents and ensuring that users can understand the purpose and relevance of the materials. This process may include various elements, such as metadata creation, arrangement guidelines, and narrative context that support users’ understanding of the items and their use in research or scholarship. Cataloging the physical storage of materials primarily focuses on the logistical aspect of where materials are kept, while summarizing the history of an archive does not delve into the specifics of individual items or their interrelations. Creating visual representations of archive usage can illustrate patterns or trends but does not encompass the detailed context and structure that archival description provides. Therefore, the correct choice captures the essence of what archival description entails in the field of archives management.
Question 2
How does MARC support archival practices?
Correct Answer:
By encoding bibliographic information and metadata
Explanation:
MARC, which stands for Machine-Readable Cataloging, supports archival practices primarily by encoding bibliographic information and metadata. This encoding is crucial in managing and cataloging various types of resources, including books, photographs, and other archival materials. MARC records include structured fields that describe the content, form, and physical characteristics of the materials, which makes it easier for archivists and librarians to create comprehensive records that can be shared and understood across different systems and institutions. This standardization provides several benefits in the context of archiving: it ensures consistency in how information is recorded, facilitating easier discovery and retrieval of materials. The use of MARC also allows for the integration of archival materials into larger library collections, promoting better access and management of diverse resources. Consequently, this makes it a vital component in the organization and representation of archival collections. In contrast, categorizing images, organizing records based on access levels, or standardizing file naming conventions do not capture the core role that MARC plays in the encoding of bibliographic information and metadata essential for effective archival management.
Question 3
What defines a work as being in the public domain?
Correct Answer:
It lacks originality or is a result of governmental action
Explanation:
A work is defined as being in the public domain when it lacks originality or is a result of governmental action. This means that works that do not meet the threshold of originality required for copyright protection, or works created by government employees as part of their official duties, are freely available for use by the public without the need for permission or payment. Government works, such as laws, judicial decisions, and administrative rulings, are often placed in the public domain so that citizens can access and utilize these resources. Additionally, when a work lacks the required originality, which is one of the fundamental criteria for copyright, it enters the public domain as it is not eligible for protection under copyright laws. Hence, option B accurately captures the essence of what qualifies a work for public domain status.
Question 4
What are the implications of obsolescence for digital records?
Correct Answer:
It may hinder access and usability
Explanation:
Obsolescence refers to the gradual decline in the usability, accessibility, and relevance of digital records due to technological advancements and the phased-out support for older formats and systems. When records become obsolete, it usually means that the software or hardware needed to access these records is no longer available or supported. This can hinder access and usability significantly. For instance, if a set of digital records is stored in an outdated file format that is no longer supported by current software applications, users may find it extremely challenging, if not impossible, to access or interpret those records. Furthermore, as technology progresses, there may be a lack of resources and expertise to retrieve and manage older digital formats, leading to potential data loss or difficulties in data preservation. While some forms of obsolescence could theoretically lead to enhancements in usability or the push towards adopting new technologies, the primary and immediate concern is the challenge it poses to access and usability. Therefore, recognizing the implications of obsolescence is crucial for digital archivists in order to implement appropriate preservation strategies and ensure long-term access to digital records.
Question 5
Which term describes items that originate in a computer environment without analog counterparts?
Correct Answer:
Born digital
Explanation:
The term that describes items that originate in a computer environment without analog counterparts is "born digital." This phrase highlights the nature of digital content that is created and exists solely in a digital format from the outset, unlike materials that have been digitized from physical sources. The significance of "born digital" lies in its implications for preservation, access, and curation. Born digital items include emails, websites, digital photographs, and other forms of electronic media that, if not properly managed, may be at risk of data degradation or loss due to technological obsolescence. In contrast, other terms listed may not accurately capture this concept. "Digitally born" is a less commonly used phrase and can be considered synonymous with born digital, leading to potential confusion. "Digital analogs" suggests digital representations of physical objects, which is not accurate in this context since it refers to items that have physical counterparts. "Virtual collections" typically involve a compilation of digital resources that may include various formats, not specifically items originating solely in a digital environment. Understanding the distinction and definition of "born digital" is essential in the context of digital archiving and preservation efforts, setting the foundation for effective management of such unique digital assets.
Question 1
Exam overview

About this Exam

The Digital Archives Specialist (DAS) Certificate program, administered by the Society of American Archivists (SAA), is a structured curriculum designed for archivists, records managers, and information professionals. It is tailored for those who need to manage the unique challenges of born-digital and digitized records. The program aims to provide a single, integrated learning approach, from foundational concepts to advanced technical skills, ensuring graduates can effectively appraise, capture, preserve, and provide access to digital assets in their care.

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Additional Information

What the Course Entails and Exam Details

To earn the DAS Certificate, participants must complete ten individual courses, passing the exam for each, before qualifying for the final comprehensive examination. The curriculum is organized into four distinct tiers, each with its own set of required learning competencies:

  • Foundational: Covers core concepts, standards, and legal/ethical issues. Topics include appraisal, metadata, and the OAIS reference model.

  • Tactical and Strategic: Focuses on practical implementation and management. Topics include accessioning, copyright, and building advocacy.

  • Tools and Services: Teaches specific technologies and techniques. Topics include web archiving, email preservation, and digital forensics.

  • Transformational: Deals with change management, advanced strategy, and future planning. Topics include digital repository assessment and tool integration.

The comprehensive exam tests knowledge across all these areas to ensure a unified understanding.


What to Expect in the Final Exam

The final step to achieving the DAS Certificate is the DAS Online Comprehensive Examination. This exam evaluates a student's mastery of the entire DAS curriculum and its core competencies. It is a rigorous assessment, but with proper preparation, including the use of a practice exam, students can succeed. Here are the key details:

  • Format: A 100-question multiple-choice examination.

  • Mode: Administered exclusively in an online format through the SAA's educational portal.

  • Content: Questions are developed based on course content and distributed across the four tiers: 45% Foundational, 25% Tactical and Strategic, 11% Transformational, and 19% Tools and Services.

  • Time Limit: Once the exam is started, it must be completed within 120 minutes (two hours) in a single sitting.

  • Passing Score: Students must achieve a minimum score of 74%.

  • Attempts: There are NO retakes built into the comprehensive exam. SAA does not make exceptions. If a student fails, they must wait until the next exam cycle (typically January, May, and September) to re-register and pay for another attempt.

  • Timing Requirement: Students must take the comprehensive exam within five months of completing their final course and all ten courses must be completed within a 24-month period to ensure testing on current materials.


How to Study and Exam Centers

Given the comprehensive nature of the exam and the strict "no retake" policy, a methodical study plan is essential. Here is a recommended strategy:

Actionable Study Strategies:

  1. Review Course Materials: Re-read all materials, notes, and exams from your ten completed courses.

  2. Study the Suggested Reading List: Consult the SAA's "Comprehensive Exam Suggested Readings List," which points to essential resources for each topic area. This list is updated annually.

  3. Utilize the Zotero Library: Use the official DAS Certificate Reading List Zotero library for a central point of all resources.

  4. Take the DAS Practice Exam: Highly recommended, the official DAS Practice Exam is an invaluable tool. It mirrors the structure and question style of the real test, allowing you to assess your knowledge, understand how complex ideas are framed, and practice managing your time.

Exam Center and Access:

The DAS Comprehensive Exam is not held at a physical center. It is entirely online. Registered and eligible students access the exam through their SAA course portal at their convenience within the scheduled testing window.


Job Opportunities from the Course

Earning the Digital Archives Specialist Certificate demonstrates a significant and verified level of proficiency in managing electronic records. This credential unlocks numerous career paths across corporations, government agencies, universities, and cultural heritage institutions. Common job titles include:

  • Digital Archivist

  • Digital Collections Specialist

  • Digital Records Manager

  • Electronic Records Archivist

  • Digital Curator

  • Web Archivist

  • Digital Forensics Specialist in Archives

  • Director of Digital Initiatives

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