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Question 1
Which ABI value indicates probable claudication?
Correct Answer:
<0.80 probable claudication
Explanation:
The main idea is that the Ankle-Brachial Index measures leg perfusion by comparing ankle and arm pressures. Normal perfusion yields an ABI around 1.0; as peripheral arterial disease progresses, the ABI falls. Claudication occurs when blood flow is insufficient to meet the muscles’ needs during walking, so a lower ABI reflects this perfusion deficit. An ABI below 0.80 is the threshold most strongly associated with claudication because the arterial obstruction is typically significant enough to produce symptoms during exertion. Values above 0.95 are considered normal or near-normal, and very low values (for example, below 0.30) suggest rest pain and more severe ischemia. Therefore, an ABI value below 0.80 indicates probable claudication.
Question 2
During inspiration, which of the following occurs?
Correct Answer:
Diaphragm descends
Explanation:
During inspiration the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, enlarging the thoracic cavity. This downward movement increases thoracic volume and lowers intrathoracic pressure below atmospheric level, creating a negative pressure gradient that pulls air into the lungs. The diaphragm does not ascend during inspiration; and intrathoracic pressure does not rise—inspiration actually lowers it. While the abdominal contents are pushed downward, causing a slight rise in intra-abdominal pressure, the key observable effect related to air flow is the diaphragmatic descent and the resulting drop in intrathoracic pressure.
Question 3
An oxygen challenge should be used if PO2 falls between normal and poor levels. After the challenge, the PO2 should be higher by how much?
Correct Answer:
10-20 mmHg higher
Explanation:
An oxygen challenge tests how arterial PO2 responds to a high inspired oxygen level, helping to distinguish different causes of hypoxemia by showing how well the lungs can transfer oxygen into the blood. When PO2 is between normal and poor, a modest rise is expected after giving 100% oxygen because increasing the inspired oxygen improves diffusion and the oxygen gradient, but not all alveoli participate fully and some blood may bypass oxygenation through shunts. The typical increase is about 10–20 mmHg. A much larger rise would be less common in this scenario, and little to no rise would suggest a more substantial shunt. Hence, a 10–20 mmHg increase is the best expectation.
Question 4
Which window is used to assess the retromandibular and proximal intracranial ICA?
Correct Answer:
Submandibular
Explanation:
In transcranial Doppler imaging, different acoustic windows let you access different parts of the intracranial circulation. The retromandibular portion and the proximal intracranial internal carotid artery lie close to the skull base behind the mandible, so placing the transducer in the submandibular region and angling the beam upward toward the skull base allows insonation of these segments. This window complements the transtemporal window (which targets vessels like the MCA, ACA, and PCA through the temporal bone) and the transorbital window (used for orbital/ophthalmic portions). The submandibular window is specifically best for the retromandibular and proximal intracranial ICA.
Question 5
In the transforamenal approach, which vessels are assessed?
Correct Answer:
intracranial vertebral and basilar arteries
Explanation:
The transforamenal approach is used to evaluate the posterior circulation that passes through the foramen magnum, specifically the intracranial vertebral arteries and the basilar artery. The vertebral arteries enter the skull via the foramen magnum and join to form the basilar artery, so this approach directly targets those vessels. It isn’t used for the anterior circulation vessels like the MCA and ICA, which are typically assessed with other acoustic windows; nor is it focused on the ophthalmic artery or the carotid siphon, which are not the vessels accessed through the foramen magnum. Therefore, this approach best assesses the intracranial vertebral and basilar arteries.
Question 1
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Prepare with the Clinical Sonography III Practice Exam practice quiz. This question bank includes 10 questions covering value, challenge, normal, assess, and range. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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Clinical Sonography III Practice Exam

This practice set contains 10 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on value, challenge, normal, assess, and range. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

This is an independent study resource intended for practice and review; it is not an official examination or an endorsement by any organization named in the title.

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