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Question 1
A 66-year-old man with a baseline serum creatinine of 1.0 mg/dL undergoes elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Forty-eight hours postoperatively, his serum creatinine increases to 2.2 mg/dL, and his urine output over the last 12 hours has been 0.35 mL/kg/h despite fluid optimization. According to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury, what is the correct KDIGO stage of AKI for this patient?
Correct Answer:
Stage 2
Question 2
A 54-year-old woman with severe gastroenteritis and dehydration presents with lethargy, orthostatic hypotension, and oliguria. Laboratory workup reveals: Serum Sodium = 140 mEq/L, Serum Creatinine = 3.0 mg/dL (baseline 0.8 mg/dL), Urine Sodium = 12 mEq/L, and Urine Creatinine = 120 mg/dL. What is the calculated Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa), and which etiology of acute kidney injury does this finding support?
Correct Answer:
FENa = 0.21%, supporting prerenal azotemia
Question 3
A 70-year-old man with acute decompensated heart failure is receiving intravenous furosemide 80 mg twice daily. Over 72 hours, his serum creatinine increases from 1.2 mg/dL to 2.8 mg/dL, and his urine sodium is 48 mEq/L. You suspect prerenal azotemia from intravascular volume contraction, but recognize that loop diuretics invalidate the FENa calculation. Serum BUN is 70 mg/dL, serum creatinine is 2.8 mg/dL, urine urea nitrogen is 350 mg/dL, and urine creatinine is 100 mg/dL. What is the calculated Fractional Excretion of Urea (FEUrea), and how is it interpreted?
Correct Answer:
FEUrea = 28.0%, indicating prerenal azotemia despite loop diuretic therapy
Question 4
A 58-year-old woman in the intensive care unit with septic shock develops oliguric KDIGO Stage 1 AKI despite adequate fluid resuscitation and vasopressor support to achieve a mean arterial pressure of 68 mmHg. She has no prior history of chronic diuretic use. The nephrology team performs a standardized Furosemide Stress Test (FST) to assess functional tubular integrity and predict progression to severe AKI. According to validated FST protocols, what is the appropriate intravenous furosemide dose and the 2-hour urinary output threshold defining a non-responsive (failing) test?
Correct Answer:
1.0 mg/kg IV furosemide; urine output < 200 mL in 2 hours
Question 5
A 68-year-old man with diabetic kidney disease (baseline eGFR 28 mL/min/1.73 m²) is scheduled for elective coronary computed tomography angiography with iodinated radiocontrast. According to KDIGO Clinical Practice Guidelines and Brazilian Society of Nephrology (SBN) recommendations, which strategy is proven to effectively reduce the risk of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI)?
Correct Answer:
Intravenous volume expansion with isotonic crystalloids (0.9% normal saline or isotonic sodium bicarbonate) before and after the procedure
Question 1
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Prepare with the TEN Nefrologia Practice Questions - TEN - Título de Especialista em Nefrologia (Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia AMB) Exam practice quiz. This question bank includes 100 questions covering serum, year-old, urine, woman, and renal. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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TEN Nefrologia Practice Questions - TEN - Título de Especialista em Nefrologia (Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia AMB) Exam

This practice set contains 100 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on serum, year-old, urine, woman, and renal. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

This is an independent study resource intended for practice and review; it is not an official examination or an endorsement by any organization named in the title.

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