Question 1
Which framework helps determine urgent vs nonurgent priorities in nursing assessment?
Correct Answer:
Urgent vs nonurgent priority-setting framework
Explanation:
Prioritizing nursing actions by urgency helps you decide what needs immediate attention versus what can wait, based on the risk of harm or rapid deterioration. This approach uses clear criteria to identify urgent issues (for example, compromised airway, sudden changes in vitals, severe pain with signs of instability) and nonurgent tasks (like routine documentation or patient education) so actions are timed and resources allocated effectively. Maslow's hierarchy focuses on human needs in a broad, developmental sense and isn’t a clinical tool for ordering urgent actions during an assessment. The ABCs of life support provide a critical, life-saving protocol for emergent resuscitation, but it’s a specific emergency framework rather than a general method for prioritizing nursing assessments across all patient needs. The nursing process offers a comprehensive, stepwise approach to care, guiding assessment through evaluation, but it does not by itself establish a universal urgent-versus-nonurgent prioritization framework. Using the urgent vs nonurgent priority-setting framework gives you a focused way to determine what must be addressed immediately in the assessment and care plan, ensuring patient safety and efficient care delivery.
Question 2
Which nerves control the pupillary light reflex?
Correct Answer:
Afferent CN III and efferent CN II
Explanation:
The pupillary light reflex is a two-part pathway: sensory input from the retina travels along the optic nerve to the brain, and the motor output that constricts the pupil travels along the oculomotor nerve. When light hits the retina, signals are carried by the optic nerve to the pretectal area and then to theEdinger‑Westphal nucleus; from there, parasympathetic fibers ride with the oculomotor nerve to the iris sphincter, causing constriction. This wiring explains why shining light in one eye causes both pupils to constrict (the consensual reflex). The olfactory nerve has no role here, and the efferent limb is not carried by the optic nerve. So the correct pairing is afferent input via the optic nerve and efferent output via the oculomotor nerve.
Question 3
Which CSF finding is most typical for acute bacterial meningitis compared to viral meningitis?
Correct Answer:
Neutrophilic pleocytosis with elevated protein and decreased glucose
Explanation:
CSF findings in acute bacterial meningitis show a neutrophil-predominant pleocytosis with high protein and low glucose. This pattern reflects an acute neutrophilic inflammatory response in the subarachnoid space, increased permeability allowing proteins to enter the CSF, and consumption of glucose by bacteria plus impaired glucose transport. In contrast, viral meningitis typically has a lymphocytic pleocytosis, with only mild to moderate protein elevation and normal glucose, since the inflammatory process is less disruptive to glucose handling. Opening pressure is often elevated with bacterial meningitis due to intense meningeal inflammation, whereas it’s SAMPLEusually normal or only mildly elevated in viral meningitis. Thus, neutrophilic pleocytosis with elevated protein and decreased glucose best distinguishes bacterial from viral meningitis.
Question 4
In the hyperacute phase of ischemic stroke, what is the recommended approach to blood pressure management?
Correct Answer:
Do not lower BP unless SBP ≥ 220 or DBP ≥ 120
Explanation:
In the hyperacute phase of ischemic stroke, preserving perfusion to the still-viable brain tissue is crucial because the penumbra can recover if blood flow is maintained. The brain’s autoregulation is impaired after an ischemic event, so lowering blood pressure too much could cut off blood supply to this at-risk area and worsen the stroke. Therefore, the best approach is to avoid lowering blood pressure unless it becomes markedly elevated, at which point a cautious, gradual reduction is considered to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic transformation or edema without sacrificing cerebral perfusion. This principle keeps perfusion to salvageable tissue while only intervening when pressure is dangerously high.
Question 5
Which of the following signs indicates basilar skull fracture?
Correct Answer:
Battle sign, raccoon eyes, CSF rhinorrhea/otorrhea
Explanation:
Basilar skull fractures often present with signs tied to bleeding under facial tissues and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid. Battle sign (bruising behind the ear), raccoon eyes (periorbital ecchymosis), and CSF rhinorrhea or otorrhea occur when the dura is torn at the skull base, allowing CSF to escape into the nose or ear and producing visible drainage or a halo when tested. These findings are highly suggestive of a fracture at the skull base because they reflect dura involvement and communication with the subarachnoid space. Fever and chills point to infection, not a skull fracture; hemiparesis indicates a cortical or brain injury; nystagmus can arise from vestibular or brainstem issues but is not the classic sign set for basilar fracture.
Question 1
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Prepare with the Medical Surgical Neurosensory Practice Test practice quiz. This question bank includes 10 questions covering meningitis, pressure, signs, patient, and increased. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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Medical Surgical Neurosensory Practice Test

This practice set contains 10 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on meningitis, pressure, signs, patient, and increased. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

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