Jesus appeared to Saul on the road to Damascus. A brilliant light from heaven surrounded him, and a voice spoke, identifying the speaker as Jesus and addressing Saul personally. This encounter marks Saul’s conversion and his call to become Paul, the missionary to the Gentiles. It shows Jesus is alive and actively involved with his followers. The account makes clear it is Jesus who appeared, not an angel, nor Moses, nor Peter.

The idea being tested is where Joseph ends up after his brothers sell him, which sets the course for the rest of his story. He is sold to traveling traders and taken to Egypt, not staying in Canaan or going to Mesopotamia or Greece. This destination matters because it explains why the narrative moves to Pharaoh’s house and how, later on, Israel's family ends up in Egypt during a famine. The Egypt setting is why the rest of Joseph’s story unfolds the way it does.

The idea being tested is who predicted a widespread outpouring of God’s Spirit. Joel is the prophet who makes this specific forecast in the latter days, describing God pouring out his Spirit on all people—young and old, male and female—leading to widespread prophecy, dreams, and visions. This promise is repeatedly linked to Pentecost in the New Testament when Peter quotes Joel to explain the event of the Spirit coming upon believers. Other prophets speak about the Spirit in meaningful ways—Isaiah speaks of the Spirit resting on God’s Anointed and guiding His people, Ezekiel speaks of a new heart and Spirit given to enable obedience, and Jeremiah talks about the New Covenant role of the Spirit in writing God’s law on hearts. But Joel’s message is the clearest and most direct forecast of a universal, dramatic outpouring of the Spirit in the last days, which is why it’s the best answer.

Joseph’s first master in Egypt was Potiphar, an Egyptian official who, in the Bible, is described as captain of the guard for Pharaoh. When Joseph was brought to Egypt, Potiphar bought him and put him in charge of his household because God caused Joseph to prosper in everything he did. So Potiphar is the initial master; the title captain of the guard refers to Potiphar’s role, not a separate master. Pharaoh later elevated Joseph after he interpreted dreams, but that came after his service under Potiphar. Potiphar’s wife isn’t a master; she’s the one who falsely accused Joseph, leading to his imprisonment.