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Question 1
A 28-year-old male driver is brought to the emergency department following a high-speed frontal motor vehicle collision. He presents with severe midface fractures, massive oral hemorrhage, and gurgling respiration. Bag-valve-mask ventilation is unsuccessful due to altered facial anatomy, and endotracheal intubation via direct laryngoscopy fails due to persistent blood obscuring the vocal cords. The patient's oxygen saturation drops to 74% and heart rate is 138 bpm. According to ATLS guidelines, what is the most appropriate next step in securing a definitive airway?
Correct Answer:
Immediate surgical cricothyroidotomy.
Question 2
A 32-year-old construction worker arrives at the trauma bay after sustaining a penetrating stab wound to the right hemithorax. On initial evaluation, he is in severe respiratory distress, cyanotic, and agitated. Vital signs reveal blood pressure of 72/40 mmHg, heart rate of 142 bpm, and respiratory rate of 36 bpm. Physical examination demonstrates absent breath sounds and hyperresonance on the right hemithorax, with distended jugular veins and tracheal deviation to the left. What is the immediate priority intervention?
Correct Answer:
Immediate needle decompression in the 4th/5th intercostal space anterior to the mid-axillary line, followed by tube thoracostomy.
Question 3
A 45-year-old pedestrian is struck by a truck and presents in severe hemorrhagic shock with an unstable pelvic fracture and positive abdominal Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST). Vital signs show BP 68/38 mmHg, HR 148 bpm, cold clammy extremities, and GCS 11 (Class IV hemorrhagic shock). The trauma team initiates a massive transfusion protocol. According to current damage control resuscitation principles, what is the recommended initial resuscitation strategy?
Correct Answer:
Balanced transfusion of packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, and platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio, alongside early administration of intravenous tranexamic acid within 3 hours.
Question 4
A 22-year-old previously healthy man presents with a 24-hour history of periumbilical abdominal pain that has migrated to the right lower quadrant. He reports anorexia, nausea, and low-grade fever (37.9°C). On examination, he has localized tenderness and rebound tenderness at McBurney's point, with a positive Rovsing sign. Laboratory tests reveal leukocytosis (14,200/mm³) with 82% neutrophils. His Alvarado score is calculated as 8 points. What is the most appropriate management plan?
Correct Answer:
Surgical consultation and prompt appendectomy (laparoscopic or open).
Question 5
A 52-year-old female presents to the emergency department with severe, constant epigastric pain radiating band-like to her back, accompanied by persistent vomiting. Serum amylase is 1,480 U/L and lipase is 2,150 U/L (more than three times the upper limit of normal). Transabdominal ultrasound reveals multiple gallstones in the gallbladder, a normal common bile duct diameter (4 mm), and no signs of acute cholecystitis. Contrast CT performed on admission shows homogeneous pancreatic enlargement without necrosis or peripancreatic fluid collections (mild acute biliary pancreatitis). In accordance with Brazilian and international pancreatitis guidelines, what is the appropriate definitive management regarding the gallstones?
Correct Answer:
Index admission laparoscopic cholecystectomy prior to hospital discharge once clinical symptoms and pancreatic enzymes resolve.
Question 1
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Prepare with the ENARE Practice Questions - ENARE - Exame Nacional de Residências (Brazil) Exam practice quiz. This question bank includes 100 questions covering year-old, presents, male, examination, and pain. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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ENARE Practice Questions - ENARE - Exame Nacional de Residências (Brazil) Exam

This practice set contains 100 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on year-old, presents, male, examination, and pain. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

This is an independent study resource intended for practice and review; it is not an official examination or an endorsement by any organization named in the title.

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