ENADE Ciências Sociais Practice Questions - ENADE Ciências Sociais - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam - ENADE Ciências Sociais Practice Questions - ENADE Ciências Sociais - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam

Question 1

In Karl Marx's materialist conception of history (historical materialism), how is the fundamental relationship between the economic infrastructure (base) and the superstructure (superestrutura) conceptualized?

The relations of production and the material productive forces constitute the real economic foundation upon which legal, political, and ideological forms arise. The autonomous evolution of religious, philosophical, and moral worldviews dictates the material relations of production and organizes the technical division of labor. The juridico-political institutions operate with total systemic independence from the material infrastructure, shaping class structures purely through legal decrees. The geographic environment and biological instincts unilaterally determine human class consciousness without any mediation from historical modes of production.

Correct Answer:

The relations of production and the material productive forces constitute the real economic foundation upon which legal, political, and ideological forms arise.

Question 2

According to Émile Durkheim in 'The Rules of Sociological Method' (1895), what are the defining characteristics that distinguish a social fact (fato social) from individual psychological phenomena?

Subjective intentionality, historical mutability across individual lifespans, and direct dependence on individual psychological conscience. Exteriority to the individual, coercive power over behavior, and generality throughout the collective group. Rational calculation of utility, affective empathy between interacting peers, and spontaneous biological coordination among members. Normative consensus produced exclusively through democratic deliberation, public plebiscites, and contractual individual consent.

Correct Answer:

Exteriority to the individual, coercive power over behavior, and generality throughout the collective group.

Question 3

In 'Economy and Society', Max Weber constructs a celebrated fourfold typology of social action (ação social) based on the subjective meaning (sentido subjetivo) attributed by the actor. Which of the following correctly describes 'instrumentally rational action' (ação racional com relação a fins)?

Action guided purely by unreflective habits, long-standing customary everyday routines, and ancestral unexamined traditions. Action determined directly by intense emotional impulses, immediate affective reactions, or unmediated psychological sentiments. Action oriented toward systematically evaluating and selecting appropriate means to attain clearly defined, calculated ends. Action motivated exclusively by unconditional allegiance to an absolute ethical, aesthetic, or religious duty regardless of practical outcomes.

Correct Answer:

Action oriented toward systematically evaluating and selecting appropriate means to attain clearly defined, calculated ends.

Question 4

In Karl Marx's critique of political economy in 'Capital' (Vol. 1), the concept of 'commodity fetishism' (fetichismo da mercadoria) explains which fundamental social phenomenon under capitalism?

The psychological tendency of modern urban consumers to worship luxury fashion brands due to sophisticated television advertising campaigns. The animistic belief in traditional agrarian communities that inanimate wooden statues possess ancestral spirits and supernatural healing powers. The state-enforced regulatory prohibition against trading essential grain commodities on international financial futures markets. The reified appearance where definite social relations between producers take on the mystical form of objective relations between things.

Correct Answer:

The reified appearance where definite social relations between producers take on the mystical form of objective relations between things.

Question 5

In 'The Division of Labor in Society' (1893), Émile Durkheim analyzes the historical transition from mechanical solidarity (solidariedade mecânica) to organic solidarity (solidariedade orgânica). What is the primary structural basis of organic solidarity?

High division of social labor, occupational specialization, and functional interdependence among heterogeneous individuals governed by restitutive law. Absolute uniformity of religious beliefs, total subordination of individual autonomy to collective conscience, and severe punitive penal sanctions across all communities. Rigid hereditary estate hierarchies enforced through lineage privileges, sumptuary regulations, and perpetual occupational caste barriers. Spontaneous elimination of all social conflicts achieved through the complete dissolution of the modern state apparatus and free market exchange.

Correct Answer:

High division of social labor, occupational specialization, and functional interdependence among heterogeneous individuals governed by restitutive law.

Question 1

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Prepare with the ENADE Ciências Sociais Practice Questions - ENADE Ciências Sociais - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam practice quiz. This question bank includes 100 questions covering social, society, brazilian, concept, and sociological. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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ENADE Ciências Sociais Practice Questions - ENADE Ciências Sociais - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam

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ENADE Ciências Sociais Practice Questions - ENADE Ciências Sociais - Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes Exam

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