Cert Nephrology(SA) Phys Practice Questions - Sub-specialty Certificate in Nephrology of the College of Physicians of South Africa Exam - Cert Nephrology(SA) Phys Practice Questions - Sub-specialty Certificate in Nephrology of the College of Physicians of South Africa Exam

Question 1

According to the KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which of the following criteria defines Stage 1 AKI based on serum creatinine criteria?

Increase in serum creatinine to 3.0 times baseline or serum creatinine ≥353.6 µmol/L Increase in serum creatinine by ≥26.5 µmol/L within 48 hours or 1.5–1.9 times baseline within 7 days Increase in serum creatinine to 2.0–2.9 times baseline within 7 days Initiation of renal replacement therapy regardless of serum creatinine level

Correct Answer:

Increase in serum creatinine by ≥26.5 µmol/L within 48 hours or 1.5–1.9 times baseline within 7 days

Question 2

A 68-year-old male with chronic heart failure on daily furosemide presents with acute oliguria and an elevated serum creatinine of 210 µmol/L. Which diagnostic parameter is most reliable to distinguish prerenal azotemia from intrinsic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in this patient?

Urine specific gravity > 1.020 Fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) < 1% Fractional excretion of urea (FEUrea) < 35% Urine sodium concentration < 20 mmol/L

Correct Answer:

Fractional excretion of urea (FEUrea) < 35%

Question 3

Which portion of the nephron is predominantly damaged by aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin), leading to non-oliguric acute tubular necrosis?

Distal convoluted tubule Cortical collecting duct principal cells Proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells (S1 and S2 segments) Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Correct Answer:

Proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cells (S1 and S2 segments)

Question 4

A 62-year-old diabetic female with CKD Stage 3b (eGFR 38 mL/min/1.73m²) is scheduled for elective coronary angiography. According to clinical practice guidelines, which intervention is proven to reduce the risk of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CA-AKI)?

Intravenous N-acetylcysteine bolus combined with oral sodium bicarbonate Prophylactic intravenous 0.9% isotonic saline expanded volume expansion Prophylactic low-dose dopamine infusion Prophylactic fenoldopam continuous infusion

Correct Answer:

Prophylactic intravenous 0.9% isotonic saline expanded volume expansion

Question 5

A 54-year-old male develops a rise in serum creatinine from 90 to 280 µmol/L three weeks after starting omeprazole for gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Urinalysis reveals sterile pyuria and white blood cell casts. What is the most definitive diagnostic test to establish the diagnosis?

Gallium-67 renal scintigraphy scan showing diffuse uptake Urinary eosinophil testing using Hansel stain Serum IgE elevation and peripheral blood eosinophilia count Percutaneous renal biopsy showing tubulointestinal inflammatory infiltrate with eosinophils

Correct Answer:

Percutaneous renal biopsy showing tubulointestinal inflammatory infiltrate with eosinophils

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About this Exam

Prepare with the Cert Nephrology(SA) Phys Practice Questions - Sub-specialty Certificate in Nephrology of the College of Physicians of South Africa Exam practice quiz. This question bank includes 100 questions covering year-old, mmol, kidney, serum, and acute. Use it to review important concepts, identify knowledge gaps, and build confidence for the related exam, course, or assessment.

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Cert Nephrology(SA) Phys Practice Questions - Sub-specialty Certificate in Nephrology of the College of Physicians of South Africa Exam

This practice set contains 100 questions from the matching question bank and focuses on year-old, mmol, kidney, serum, and acute. Work through each question carefully, review the provided solutions, and revisit topics that need more study before your next attempt.

This is an independent study resource intended for practice and review; it is not an official examination or an endorsement by any organization named in the title.

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Cert Nephrology(SA) Phys Practice Questions - Sub-specialty Certificate in Nephrology of the College of Physicians of South Africa Exam

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