Baccalauréat Série D Cameroun Practice Questions - Baccalauréat de l'Enseignement Secondaire Général - Série D (Mathématiques et Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre) Exam - Baccalauréat Série D Cameroun Practice Questions - Baccalauréat de l'Enseignement Secondaire Général - Série D (Mathématiques et Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre) Exam

Question 1

In cellular respiration, what is the primary mechanism by which the ATP synthase complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate?

Chemiosmotic coupling driven by the flow of protons (H+) down their electrochemical gradient from the intermembrane space into the matrix Direct substrate-level phosphorylation driven by high-energy phosphate transfer from succinyl-CoA in the mitochondrial matrix Active transport of sodium ions (Na+) across the outer mitochondrial membrane coupled to ATP hydrolysis Direct electron transfer from reduced coenzymes (NADH and FADH2) to the catalytic F1 subunit of ATP synthase

Correct Answer:

Chemiosmotic coupling driven by the flow of protons (H+) down their electrochemical gradient from the intermembrane space into the matrix

Question 2

During semi-conservative DNA replication in eukaryotic cells, why is the lagging strand synthesized discontinuously as Okazaki fragments?

DNA topoisomerase can only unwind DNA in the 3' to 5' direction along the leading strand template DNA polymerases can only polymerize new nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction, requiring backward synthesis away from the advancing replication fork RNA primers can only bind to the leading strand, preventing continuous elongation on the lagging template Helicase cleaves the lagging strand into short single-stranded fragments prior to nucleotide insertion

Correct Answer:

DNA polymerases can only polymerize new nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction, requiring backward synthesis away from the advancing replication fork

Question 3

How does a competitive enzyme inhibitor affect the kinetic parameters Michaelis constant (Km) and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) of an enzymatic reaction?

It decreases Vmax while leaving Km unchanged It decreases both Km and Vmax in equal proportions It increases the apparent Km while leaving Vmax unchanged It increases both Km and Vmax simultaneously

Correct Answer:

It increases the apparent Km while leaving Vmax unchanged

Question 4

According to Francis Crick's Wobble Hypothesis in molecular genetics, what mechanism explains how a single transfer RNA (tRNA) anticodon can recognize multiple synonymous codons on mRNA?

The 5' base of the mRNA codon can form non-standard hydrogen bonds with the 3' base of the tRNA anticodon DNA ligase modifies the central nucleotide of the anticodon loop during post-transcriptional splicing Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase attaches multiple different amino acids to the same tRNA molecule based on ribosomal conformation Spatial flexibility at the 5' position of the tRNA anticodon allows unconventional non-Watson-Crick base pairing with the 3' base of the mRNA codon

Correct Answer:

Spatial flexibility at the 5' position of the tRNA anticodon allows unconventional non-Watson-Crick base pairing with the 3' base of the mRNA codon

Question 5

Which key stromal enzyme catalyzes the initial carbon dioxide fixation step in the Calvin-Benson cycle of C3 photosynthetic plants?

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP carboxylase) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) ATP sulfurylase

Correct Answer:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO)

Question 1

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Baccalauréat Série D Cameroun Practice Questions - Baccalauréat de l'Enseignement Secondaire Général - Série D (Mathématiques et Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre) Exam

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