CVP And GI Pathology Exam 3 Practice

Which term describes a reversible disorder that reduces oxygenation and predisposes to infection?

Atelectasis Resorption atelectasis Contraction atelectasis Pulmonary edema

Correct Answer:

Atelectasis

Explanation:

Atelectasis is the collapse or incomplete expansion of lung tissue that leads to reduced oxygenation. When alveoli aren’t ventilated, a ventilation-perfusion mismatch occurs, causing lower oxygen levels. It also predisposes to infection because collapsed airways harbor stagnant secretions, impair clearance, and create a favorable environment for bacteria. This process is typically reversible when the underlying cause—such as an airway obstruction or external compression—is relieved and the lung re-expands. Resorption atelectasis is one mechanism of this process, while contraction atelectasis from fibrotic scarring is usually less reversible, and pulmonary edema causes hypoxemia through fluid in the alveoli rather than true collapse of alveoli.

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