ACVPM Infectious Diseases Practice Exam

Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus has how many serotypes and subtypes?

Seven serotypes with sixty subtypes Five serotypes and thirty subtypes Nine serotypes and eighty subtypes Three serotypes and ten subtypes

Correct Answer:

Seven serotypes with sixty subtypes

Explanation:

Antigenic diversity in foot-and-mouth disease virus is organized into distinct serotypes and many within-serotype variants. There are seven serotypes recognized globally, and immunity is serotype-specific, meaning protection against one serotype does not reliably protect against another. Within each serotype, there are numerous antigenic variants—subtypes or topotypes—driven by the virus’s high mutation rate. Taken together, seven serotypes with roughly sixty subtypes capture the wide diversity that makes vaccine design challenging, since vaccines must align with the circulating serotype and the prevalent subtypes within it. The other numbers understate this diversity, so this combination best reflects the real-world complexity of FMDV.

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