PANCE Infectious Disease Practice Test

Which of the following is a protease inhibitor (PI) used in HIV treatment?

Efavirenz Lopinavir Dolutegravir Enfuvirtide

Correct Answer:

Lopinavir

Explanation:

Protease inhibitors block the HIV protease enzyme, preventing cleavage of the Gag-Pol polyprotein and producing immature, noninfectious virus particles. Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor, typically given with ritonavir to boost its levels, making it a standard option in combination antiretroviral therapy. Efavirenz is an NNRTI, which inhibits reverse transcriptase to stop conversion of viral RNA into DNA. Dolutegravir is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor, preventing integration of viral DNA into the host genome. Enfuvirtide is a fusion inhibitor that blocks entry by binding gp41 on the viral envelope.

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