Pediatric Settings Road Map Practice Test

Which of the following best describes palivizumab eligibility guidance for RSV prophylaxis?

Healthy term infants. Adolescents with asthma. Very preterm, chronic lung disease, and certain congenital heart diseases. Adults with COPD.

Correct Answer:

Very preterm, chronic lung disease, and certain congenital heart diseases.

Explanation:

RSV prophylaxis with palivizumab is targeted to infants at highest risk for severe disease. The best description of eligibility includes very preterm infants, those with chronic lung disease, and certain congenital heart diseases, because these conditions raise the risk of RSV complications and hospitalizations, and palivizumab has been shown to reduce RSV-related hospitalizations in these groups. Healthy term infants generally do not qualify since their benefit is minimal relative to cost, and adolescents with asthma or adults with COPD are outside the pediatric prophylaxis guidelines and not the intended recipients of this preventive therapy.

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