Physical Therapy Evaluation Tool (PEAT) 5 Practice Exam

A broad skin examination looks at multiple characteristics to gauge perfusion, hydration, tissue integrity, and neural or nutritional status. Color reveals circulation and potential systemic issues: pallor suggests reduced blood flow or anemia, erythema indicates inflammation or infection, cyanosis points to hypoxia, and jaundice hints at liver or bilirubin problems. Temperature is checked across areas to detect hotter spots from inflammation or infection or cooler patches from poor perfusion. Moisture reflects hydration and sweat activity; excess moisture may accompany edema or infection, while dryness can indicate dehydration or aging skin. Integrity assesses the skin’s surface for breakdown, ulcers, fissures, or erosions, which affect healing risk and function. The presence of wounds or scars documents prior injury or surgery and influences healing potential. Edema shows fluid overload or venous/lymphatic issues and affects skin health and wound healing; evaluating degree and whether it pits helps gauge severity. Trophic changes—like nail and hair abnormalities or skin thinning and ulceration—signal chronic vascular, neuropathic, or nutritional problems. Taken together, these features provide a comprehensive view of skin health and underlying conditions that influence evaluation and treatment planning. Focusing on a single feature would miss important clues that alter prognosis and care.