Certified Quality Process Analyst (CQPA) 1 Practice Exam

Which historical concept is most directly associated with Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement in animal research?

The Three Rs described by Russell and Burch The Belmont principles The Common Rule exemptions The GLP quality-system principles

Correct Answer:

The Three Rs described by Russell and Burch

Explanation:

Russell and Burch articulated the Three Rs: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. These principles remain central to humane experimental design and IACUC review.

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