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CFD Academy HAZMAT Practice Exam

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Which dispersion type is described as “Like a spherical release but occurs at ground level”?
Correct Answer:
Hemispherical dispersion
Explanation:
When a release happens at ground level, the ground plane acts as a boundary that prevents downward spread. A release in open space would expand in all directions like a sphere, but the lower half is blocked by the ground, so you get a hemispherical dispersion pattern: the plume spreads outward and upward from the source, forming a hemisphere with the flat face along the ground. This geometric idea captures why the pattern looks like a sphere cut in half by the surface. The other patterns describe different spreading geometries: a circular dispersion implies spread mainly in the horizontal plane without the same vertical expansion, and cloud dispersion reflects a more wind-influenced, evolving plume shape rather than a simple geometric form.

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