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Emergency Vehicle Technician (EVT) L-1 Practice Exam

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Which component protects sensitive electronics from voltage spikes in a vehicle electrical system?
Correct Answer:
Transient voltage suppressor (TVS) diode
Explanation:
Voltage spikes in vehicle electrical systems can damage sensitive electronics, so a device that clamps those transients is used. A Transient Voltage Suppressor diode is designed for this purpose. It sits across the power and ground rails and stays inactive during normal operation, but when a surge occurs, it conducts heavily and shunts the excess energy away, keeping the voltage at a safe level for the rest of the circuit. This fast response and high surge-handling capability protects components like the ECU and various sensors from events such as load dumps or inductive kickback. The other options are sensors that measure physical conditions (pressure, wheel speed, crankshaft position) and do not provide protection against voltage transients.

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