Arizona State University (ASU) BIO 345 Evolution Exam 2 Practice

Gene flow refers to the transfer of genetic material between populations, which occurs when individuals from different populations interbreed. This process can introduce new alleles into a population, thereby increasing genetic diversity and potentially altering allele frequencies. It plays a significant role in evolution by allowing for the mixing of genetic material, which can enhance adaptability in changing environments. In contrast, mutation within a single population reflects changes at the genetic level without involving the exchange of genes between different populations. The creation of new species, often referred to as speciation, typically involves more complex processes like reproductive isolation and does not directly describe the movement of genes. The extinction of certain alleles involves the loss of genetic variations within a population, which is a different phenomenon than gene flow that emphasizes the addition of genetic material rather than its removal. Thus, the SAMPLEcorrect understanding of gene flow highlights its role in connecting populations through genetic exchange.