SQA National 5 Chemistry Practice Exam

The greenhouse effect refers to the process by which certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, trap heat from the sun. This process allows the Earth to maintain a temperature that is suitable for life. When solar radiation reaches the Earth's surface, some of it is absorbed, warming the planet. The Earth then emits this energy back into space in the form of infrared radiation. However, greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor absorb and re-radiate some of this infrared energy, effectively keeping heat in the atmosphere. This trapping of heat leads to an increase in global temperatures, which is why understanding the greenhouse effect is critical in discussions about climate change and global warming. The process is essential for maintaining the Earth's temperature, but an excess of greenhouse gases can lead to an enhanced greenhouse effect, resulting in additional warming and climate alterations.