Criminal Investigator Training Program (CITP) Exam 3 EPO Practice Exam

What is a key difference between 18 U.S.C. § 1956(a)(1) and § 1957(a)?

1956 can be any amount; 1957 requires over $10,000 1956 is a 20 year felony and 1957 is a 10 year felony 1956 requires intent; 1957 does not 1956 applies to currency only

Correct Answer:

1956 can be any amount; 1957 requires over $10,000

Explanation:

The key distinction is the dollar threshold. §1956 money laundering has no minimum amount; a transaction can be any size as long as it involves proceeds of a specified unlawful activity and is meant to promote or conceal that crime. In contrast, §1957 targets large cash or monetary-instrument transactions — it requires the amount to be over $10,000 in a transaction involving property derived from unlawful activity, and the transaction must affect interstate commerce. So a small amount could fit §1956, but only amounts above $10,000 would fit §1957. The other options are off because §1956 isn’t limited to currency-only transfers, and both statutes involve intent to promote or conceal crime, not zero intent.

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