PCMG Delegado De Polícia Practice Questions - Concurso PCMG - Delegado De Polícia Substituto (Minas Gerais, Brazil) Exam

Co-authorship requires the physical execution of the core statutory verb (núcleo do tipo), whereas participation involves any non-physical moral instigation. Co-authorship is restricted exclusively to the intellectual mastermind who directs the organization from a distance without executing physical acts. A co-author performs a functional and essential contribution to the common criminal plan, exercising joint control over the decision and execution. Participation is characterized by equal decision-making power over the consummation of the offense, sharing the same penalty as the direct perpetrator.