Título De Especialista Em Geriatria (SBGG AMB) Practice Questions - Exame De Suficiência Para Obtenção Do Título De Especialista Em Geriatria (SBGG AMB) Exam

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Regarding the renal physiology of aging (senescência renal), which change explains why older adults are particularly vulnerable to volume depletion, dehydration, and hypernatremia?

Hypertrophy of the renal medullary pyramids with excessive sodium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle. Loss of functional cortical nephrons, decreased glomerular filtration rate, reduced renal medullary hypertonicity, impaired tubular sodium/water conservation, and blunted osmoreceptor-mediated thirst sensation. Sustained hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism causing massive potassium wasting and water retention. Increased baseline secretion of antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin) coupled with heightened thirst perception.

Correct Answer:

Loss of functional cortical nephrons, decreased glomerular filtration rate, reduced renal medullary hypertonicity, impaired tubular sodium/water conservation, and blunted osmoreceptor-mediated thirst sensation.

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