ЦТ Chemistry Practice Questions - ЦТ ЦЭ Chemistry (Belarus Centralized Testing Centralized Exam) Exam

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Why is the first ionization energy of nitrogen (N, Z = 7) higher than that of oxygen (O, Z = 8), despite oxygen having a higher nuclear charge?

Nitrogen has a stable half-filled 2p³ subshell, whereas oxygen has paired electrons in a 2p orbital that experience inter-electronic repulsion. Oxygen has its valence electrons in a higher principal quantum shell than nitrogen. Nitrogen has greater electronegativity and higher nuclear charge than oxygen. Oxygen has a completely filled 2p⁶ subshell that shields valence electrons more effectively.

Correct Answer:

Nitrogen has a stable half-filled 2p³ subshell, whereas oxygen has paired electrons in a 2p orbital that experience inter-electronic repulsion.

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