CMS II Rheumatology E1 Practice Exam

Managing TMJ disorders typically starts with conservative measures to reduce pain and muscle tension. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the mainstay for pain and inflammation in the jaw joint, because they block inflammatory pathways and help patients move and function with less discomfort. Short-term benzodiazepines can be added to help relax overactive jaw muscles and relieve spasm, which often accompanies TMJ pain and bruxism; this helps break the cycle of pain and muscle guarding while non-drug therapies are started. This combination tackles both inflammatory pain and muscle hyperactivity, which are common drivers of TMJ symptoms. Antibiotics aren’t used because TMJ problems are not typically infections, and opioids are avoided due to risks of dependence and limited long-term benefit for TMJ pain. Alongside these meds, non-pharmacologic approaches like a soft diet, applying heat or cold, jaw exercises, and physical therapy are important parts of first-line care and help support recovery.