Encceja Ensino Médio Practice Questions - Exame Nacional Para Certificação De Competências De Jovens E Adultos - Ensino Médio Exam

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A rural worker in Minas Gerais is bitten by a venomous pit viper (jararaca). At the local emergency health post, the attending medical team immediately administers specific antivenom (soro antiofídico). What fundamental immunological difference distinguishes the therapeutic action of an antivenom serum (soro) from a preventative vaccine (vacina)?
Correct Answer:
A serum provides ready-made, pre-formed antibodies for immediate passive immunization against acute toxins, whereas a vaccine introduces antigens to stimulate active antibody and memory cell production for long-term protection.

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