WVGSA Grade 5 Science Practice Questions - West Virginia General Summative Assessment Grade 5 Science Exam

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A student investigates two chemical reactions in insulated cups: Reaction 1: Mixing Water + Calcium Chloride -> Water temperature increases from 22°C to 45°C. Reaction 2: Mixing Water + Ammonium Nitrate -> Water temperature decreases from 22°C to 11°C. Which statement correctly categorizes these energy transfers?

Reaction 1 releases thermal energy (exothermic), warming surroundings, while Reaction 2 absorbs thermal energy (endothermic), cooling surroundings. Reaction 1 is a physical change, while Reaction 2 is a nuclear reaction. Reaction 1 absorbs heat energy, while Reaction 2 releases heat energy. Neither reaction involves energy transfer because liquid water was present in both.

Correct Answer:

Reaction 1 releases thermal energy (exothermic), warming surroundings, while Reaction 2 absorbs thermal energy (endothermic), cooling surroundings.

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