The Role Of Nutrition In Our Health Practice Test

Nutrition provides the substrates and cofactors that immune cells need to develop and function well. Adequate intake of micronutrients such as zinc, selenium, vitamins A, C, D, and iron supports barrier integrity and both innate and adaptive immune responses. When someone is malnourished or deficient in these nutrients, immune defenses weaken and infection risk rises. However, supplements for everyone to prevent infections aren’t supported by the evidence and can be unnecessary or even harmful in people who are already well-nourished. Supplementation is most beneficial when there is a deficiency, when someone is at high risk for deficiency, or in specific clinical situations. In the general population, the best strategy is a balanced, nutrient-rich diet that meets energy and micronutrient needs, along with other measures like vaccination, adequate sleep, stress management, and good hygiene to reduce infection risk.