The STABLE Program Practice Exam

Hirschsprung's disease is a condition that results from the absence of ganglion cells in a segment of the colon, leading to a lack of peristalsis in that area. This can result in a blockage because the affected segment is unable to function properly, causing a buildup of stool and subsequent obstruction. Stenosis and atresia refer to congenital conditions where there is a narrowing or complete blockage in the intestines, which can prevent the normal passage of bowel contents. Both can lead to significant obstruction and are commonly recognized causes of bowel obstruction in neonates and infants. The combination of these two conditions contributes to the conclusion that both Hirschsprung's disease and stenosis/atresia are significant causes of bowel obstruction, making the choice that includes both correct. Meconium ileus, while also a cause of bowel obstruction, is more specific to cystic fibrosis and does not encompass the broader range of congenital conditions that can lead to obstructions like Hirschsprung's disease and stenosis/atresia do. Thus, identifying both A and C as correct recognizes the importance of these congenital conditions in obstructive pathology.