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NPLEX II Botanical Medicine Practice Test

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Which plant contains allantoin and pyrrolizidine alkaloids and is vulnerary for wounds and fractures?
Correct Answer:
Symphytum officinale
Explanation:
Allantoin is a key compound that promotes wound healing by stimulating cell proliferation and granulation tissue formation, while the plant’s mucilage provides soothing, protective action for injured tissue. This combination makes the plant a classic vulnerary for wounds and fractures. Symphytum officinale, commonly known as comfrey, is well known for containing both allantoin and pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The allantoin explains its wound-healing effect, whereas the pyrrolizidine alkaloids account for the need to avoid internal use due to potential liver toxicity, so it’s typically used externally. The other plants listed do not share this specific pairing of allantoin plus pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which is why comfrey best fits the description. Symphytum officinale.

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