NHS 111 Assessment 1 Practice Test

Angina happens when the heart muscle doesn’t get enough oxygen to meet its needs. In heart disease, the arteries are narrowed, so blood flow to the heart is limited. During exertion, the heart beats faster and works harder, which raises its oxygen demand. Because the narrowed arteries can’t boost blood flow quickly enough, the oxygen supply lags behind the demand, and ischemia occurs, producing the chest pain of angina. Rest reduces the heart’s workload and lowers oxygen demand, often relieving the symptoms. While heavy meals can sometimes increase heart work and trigger angina in some people, and extreme temperatures can influence symptoms, exertion is the most typical trigger because it directly raises both heart rate and blood pressure, heightening the mismatch between oxygen supply and demand in a diseased heart.