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NANP Board Domain I – Food And Nutrition Practice Exam

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Which disease state commonly requires renal-diet modification, including restricted protein and sodium?
Correct Answer:
Chronic kidney disease.
Explanation:
The idea is that when kidney function is impaired, the body’s ability to handle waste and regulate fluids and electrolytes is reduced, so the diet is adjusted to ease that workload. Limiting protein lowers the amount of nitrogenous waste the damaged kidneys must process, which can lessen symptoms and slow disease progression. Reducing sodium helps control blood pressure and decrease fluid retention and edema, both common when the kidneys aren’t excreting fluids and electrolytes efficiently. Together, these dietary tweaks form a renal-focused plan to protect remaining kidney function and maintain balance. Other conditions may benefit from diet changes too, but the combination of restricted protein and sodium is a hallmark of renal-diet management in chronic kidney disease.

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