Meisterprüfung Denkmal-, Fassaden- Und Gebäudereinigung Practice Questions - Meisterprüfung Denkmal-, Fassaden- Und Gebäudereinigung (Austria) Exam

Because they carry no electrical charge in solution and therefore do not react with calcium (Ca²⁺) or magnesium (Mg²⁺) ions to form insoluble lime soaps (Kalkseifen). Because they carry a strong negative charge that binds Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ into soluble complexes, softening the water as they clean. Because they foam far more strongly than anionic surfactants, and the extra foam lifts hardness deposits mechanically. Because hardness only interferes above pH 10, and non-ionic surfactants are formulated exclusively for acidic cleaners.