International Sports Sciences Association (ISSA) Strength And Conditioning Certification Practice Test

The axial skeleton consists of the bones that form the central axis of the body, which includes the skull, vertebral column (spine), and rib cage. The ribs and skull are integral parts of this system, providing structural support and protecting vital organs like the brain and heart. In contrast, the other options include bones that are part of the appendicular skeleton. The femurs and tibias are long bones of the legs that facilitate movement and support the body's weight. The pelvis serves as a connection point for the lower limbs but is primarily considered part of the appendicular skeleton, along with the scapulae (shoulder blades). Similarly, carpals and tarsals—bones of the wrists and ankles, respectively—also belong to the appendicular skeleton, which is primarily involved in movement and interaction with the environment. Therefore, ribs and skull are directly SAMPLEaligned with the definition of the axial skeleton, making this the correct answer.