La Rioja PAU Chemistry Practice Questions - La Rioja PAU Chemistry Examination (Química 2o Bachillerato Universidad De La Rioja 2026) Exam

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The first ionization energy of nitrogen (N, Z = 7) is 1402 kJ/mol, whereas that of oxygen (O, Z = 8) is 1314 kJ/mol. Which statement accounts for this anomaly?

Nitrogen has a smaller atomic radius than oxygen. Oxygen has a higher effective nuclear charge than nitrogen. Nitrogen possesses a half-filled 2p subshell (2p³), providing extra exchange energy stability, while oxygen has paired electrons in a 2p orbital that experience inter-electron repulsion. Nitrogen's 2s orbital is lower in energy than oxygen's 2s orbital.

Correct Answer:

Nitrogen possesses a half-filled 2p subshell (2p³), providing extra exchange energy stability, while oxygen has paired electrons in a 2p orbital that experience inter-electron repulsion.

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