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ITE Nephrology Practice Test

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AKI complicated by abdominal compartment syndrome is typically treated with?
Correct Answer:
Surgical decompression
Explanation:
Abdominal compartment syndrome causes AKI mainly because the raised intra-abdominal pressure mechanically compresses renal vessels and reduces renal perfusion. The fastest, most definitive way to treat this is to relieve that pressure with urgent surgical decompression (decompressive laparotomy). Lowering pressure restores blood flow to the kidneys and other organs, allowing renal recovery. High-volume diuresis won’t address the underlying mechanical compression and can worsen hemodynamics by expanding interstitial edema without improving perfusion. Urgent dialysis treats the kidney failure component but does not relieve the abdominal pressure driving the dysfunction. Immunosuppressants have no role in resolving intra-abdominal hypertension.

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