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HAZMAT Operations WFD 45 Practice Test

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What property is defined as the ratio of the density of a material to that of a standard material?
Correct Answer:
Specific Gravity
Explanation:
Specific gravity is the ratio of a material’s density to the density of a standard material. Because both densities use the same units, this ratio is dimensionless. In hazmat work, the standard is usually water at 4°C (density about 1.0 g/cm^3), so specific gravity indicates how heavy the substance is compared with water. If the specific gravity is greater than 1, the substance is heavier than water and will tend to sink; if it’s less than 1, it will tend to float. This quick, unitless measure helps with buoyancy, spill response planning, and packaging considerations. Other properties listed describe different concepts: pressure is force per area, vapor pressure is the tendency of a substance to vaporize at a given temperature, and molecular weight is the mass per mole.

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